Happy hardcore, also known as happy rave or happycore, is a distinctive sub-genre of hard dance that stands out with its exceptionally fast tempo, typically ranging between 160 to 190 BPM. This lively musical style often features solo vocals or poignant lyrics, setting it apart from other forms of hardcore that tend to explore darker themes. Characterized by its joyful and uplifting 4/4 beat, happy hardcore carries a typically major key tonality that contributes to its cheerful essence.
One of the defining elements of happy hardcore is its association with piano riffs, synthetic stabs, and spacey effects, which create an upbeat and energetic sonic landscape. Originating in the early 1990s, this genre was closely linked to breakbeat hardcore, a precursor to the rapid evolution of electronic music. As the original house music-based rave scene gained momentum, it began incorporating faster tempos and breakbeats, giving birth to oldschool jungle and eventually leading to the creation of drum and bass.
Happy hardcore shares its roots with the Dutch genre of gabber, as both styles developed in tandem during the early 1990s. Notable artists within the happy hardcore movement include Brisk and Ham, Scott Brown, Force and Styles, Sy and Unknown, Hixxy, Paul Elstak, Anabolic, Blümchen, Frolic, DUNE (DE), Scooter, Critical Mass, Stu Allan (also known as VISA), Vibes, Dougal, Slipmatt, DJ Sharkey, and DJ Seduction. Their contributions have played a crucial role in shaping the genre's identity and fostering its vibrant and uplifting spirit.